Back to Index

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##  
## PROCESS is now ready for use.
## Copyright 2022 by Andrew F. Hayes ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
## Workshop schedule at http://haskayne.ucalgary.ca/CCRAM
## 

Direct Effect

## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = punishment ~ emo_dep, data = df)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.6110 -2.8995 -0.0341  2.2448  4.9659 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  5.89947    0.29328  20.116   <2e-16 ***
## emo_dep     -0.14423    0.07056  -2.044   0.0419 *  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 3.088 on 273 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.01507,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.01147 
## F-statistic: 4.178 on 1 and 273 DF,  p-value: 0.0419

SES

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> SES -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##     M : SES       
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SES
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4123     0.1700     2.4782    55.9285     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.1273     0.1495    27.6087     0.0000     3.8330     4.4216
## emo_dep     -0.2690     0.0360    -7.4785     0.0000    -0.3398    -0.1982
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1286     0.0165     9.5586     2.2861     2.0000   272.0000     0.1036
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.5881     0.5717     9.7740     0.0000     4.4625     6.7136
## emo_dep     -0.1239     0.0775    -1.5985     0.1111    -0.2766     0.0287
## SES          0.0754     0.1189     0.6347     0.5261    -0.1586     0.3095
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1239     0.0775    -1.5985     0.1111    -0.2766     0.0287
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##         Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SES    -0.0203     0.0350    -0.0891     0.0507
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##         Effect         se          Z          p
## SES    -0.0203     0.0324    -0.6269     0.5307
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

SEImpairment

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> SEImpairment -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                     
## Model : 4           
##     Y : punishment  
##     X : emo_dep     
##     M : SEImpairment
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SEImpairment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.8679     0.7532     0.7479   833.3532     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     1.2168     0.0821    14.8161     0.0000     1.0551     1.3784
## emo_dep      0.5704     0.0198    28.8679     0.0000     0.5315     0.6093
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1319     0.0174     9.5503     2.4063     2.0000   272.0000     0.0921
## 
## Model: 
##                   coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant         5.6890     0.3942    14.4326     0.0000     4.9130     6.4650
## emo_dep         -0.2429     0.1421    -1.7089     0.0886    -0.5227     0.0369
## SEImpairment     0.1730     0.2163     0.7998     0.4245    -0.2528     0.5988
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.2429     0.1421    -1.7089     0.0886    -0.5227     0.0369
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##                  Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SEImpairment     0.0987     0.1290    -0.1678     0.3393
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##                  Effect         se          Z          p
## SEImpairment     0.0987     0.1235     0.7990     0.4243
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

surprise

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> surprise -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##     M : surprise  
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: surprise
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6243     0.3897     2.7967   174.3330     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.0417     0.1588    31.7463     0.0000     4.7290     5.3543
## emo_dep     -0.5045     0.0382   -13.2035     0.0000    -0.5797    -0.4293
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1705     0.0291     9.4368     4.0704     2.0000   272.0000     0.0181
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     7.0089     0.6319    11.0922     0.0000     5.7649     8.2529
## emo_dep     -0.2552     0.0898    -2.8410     0.0048    -0.4321    -0.0784
## surprise    -0.2201     0.1112    -1.9793     0.0488    -0.4389    -0.0012
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.2552     0.0898    -2.8410     0.0048    -0.4321    -0.0784
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##              Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## surprise     0.1110     0.0584    -0.0025     0.2276
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##              Effect         se          Z          p
## surprise     0.1110     0.0569     1.9520     0.0509
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

sympathy

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> sympathy -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##     M : sympathy  
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: sympathy
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4593     0.2109     2.3359    72.9835     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     1.4131     0.1451     9.7361     0.0000     1.1273     1.6988
## emo_dep      0.2983     0.0349     8.5430     0.0000     0.2296     0.3671
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3468     0.1203     8.5505    18.5899     2.0000   272.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     6.8326     0.3223    21.1989     0.0000     6.1980     7.4671
## emo_dep      0.0528     0.0752     0.7014     0.4837    -0.0953     0.2008
## sympathy    -0.6603     0.1158    -5.7026     0.0000    -0.8883    -0.4324
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.0528     0.0752     0.7014     0.4837    -0.0953     0.2008
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##              Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## sympathy    -0.1970     0.0433    -0.2870    -0.1173
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##              Effect         se          Z          p
## sympathy    -0.1970     0.0417    -4.7206     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

Moral self-expression

SE1, SE2

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> SE -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##     M : SE        
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SE
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2105     0.0443     1.6855    12.6533     1.0000   273.0000     0.0004
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.3497     0.1233    35.2809     0.0000     4.1070     4.5924
## emo_dep     -0.1055     0.0297    -3.5571     0.0004    -0.1639    -0.0471
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3327     0.1107     8.6435    16.9270     2.0000   272.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     2.6757     0.6583     4.0646     0.0001     1.3797     3.9716
## emo_dep     -0.0660     0.0687    -0.9610     0.3374    -0.2013     0.0692
## SE           0.7412     0.1371     5.4077     0.0000     0.4713     1.0110
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.0660     0.0687    -0.9610     0.3374    -0.2013     0.0692
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SE    -0.0782     0.0315    -0.1493    -0.0261
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## SE    -0.0782     0.0266    -2.9370     0.0033
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

Moral self-formative control

SFC1, SFC2, SFC3, and SFC4

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> SFC -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##     M : SFC       
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SFC
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.5567     0.3100     0.9896   122.6345     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.6345     0.0945    49.0590     0.0000     4.4485     4.8205
## emo_dep     -0.2517     0.0227   -11.0740     0.0000    -0.2964    -0.2069
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2547     0.0648     9.0890     9.4308     2.0000   272.0000     0.0001
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     2.6651     0.8970     2.9712     0.0032     0.8992     4.4310
## emo_dep      0.0314     0.0829     0.3789     0.7050    -0.1318     0.1947
## SFC          0.6979     0.1834     3.8049     0.0002     0.3368     1.0590
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.0314     0.0829     0.3789     0.7050    -0.1318     0.1947
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##         Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SFC    -0.1757     0.0470    -0.2714    -0.0857
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##         Effect         se          Z          p
## SFC    -0.1757     0.0490    -3.5853     0.0003
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

upbringing

SE3

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> upbringing -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##     M : upbringing
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: upbringing
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.7172     0.5144     1.7560   289.2258     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     1.4776     0.1258    11.7422     0.0000     1.2299     1.7254
## emo_dep      0.5149     0.0303    17.0066     0.0000     0.4553     0.5745
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1344     0.0181     9.5438     2.5004     2.0000   272.0000     0.0839
## 
## Model: 
##                 coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant       6.0888     0.3599    16.9178     0.0000     5.3803     6.7974
## emo_dep       -0.0782     0.1013    -0.7724     0.4405    -0.2777     0.1212
## upbringing    -0.1282     0.1411    -0.9083     0.3645    -0.4059     0.1496
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.0782     0.1013    -0.7724     0.4405    -0.2777     0.1212
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##                Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## upbringing    -0.0660     0.0796    -0.2256     0.0832
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##                Effect         se          Z          p
## upbringing    -0.0660     0.0729    -0.9055     0.3652
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

parallel

  • sympathy
  • SE
  • SFC

Mediation analysis: emo_dep -> parallel -> punishment

Process Report

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_dep   
##    M1 : sympathy  
##    M2 : SE        
##    M3 : SFC       
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: sympathy
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4593     0.2109     2.3359    72.9835     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     1.4131     0.1451     9.7361     0.0000     1.1273     1.6988
## emo_dep      0.2983     0.0349     8.5430     0.0000     0.2296     0.3671
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SE
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2105     0.0443     1.6855    12.6533     1.0000   273.0000     0.0004
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.3497     0.1233    35.2809     0.0000     4.1070     4.5924
## emo_dep     -0.1055     0.0297    -3.5571     0.0004    -0.1639    -0.0471
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SFC
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.5567     0.3100     0.9896   122.6345     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.6345     0.0945    49.0590     0.0000     4.4485     4.8205
## emo_dep     -0.2517     0.0227   -11.0740     0.0000    -0.2964    -0.2069
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3954     0.1563     8.2605    12.5088     4.0000   270.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.9383     1.1055     3.5623     0.0004     1.7617     6.1149
## emo_dep      0.0718     0.0818     0.8783     0.3806    -0.0892     0.2328
## sympathy    -0.4542     0.1317    -3.4488     0.0007    -0.7134    -0.1949
## SE           0.4652     0.1578     2.9479     0.0035     0.1545     0.7758
## SFC          0.1251     0.2048     0.6106     0.5419    -0.2782     0.5283
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1228     0.0151     9.5377     4.1784     1.0000   273.0000     0.0419
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8995     0.2933    20.1158     0.0000     5.3221     6.4768
## emo_dep     -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.1442     0.0706    -2.0441     0.0419    -0.2831    -0.0053
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.0718     0.0818     0.8783     0.3806    -0.0892     0.2328
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##              Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## TOTAL       -0.2160     0.0526    -0.3228    -0.1152
## sympathy    -0.1355     0.0455    -0.2306    -0.0518
## SE          -0.0491     0.0267    -0.1134    -0.0097
## SFC         -0.0315     0.0471    -0.1226     0.0635
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##              Effect         se          Z          p
## sympathy    -0.1355     0.0426    -3.1794     0.0015
## SE          -0.0491     0.0221    -2.2184     0.0265
## SFC         -0.0315     0.0518    -0.6073     0.5437
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000