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## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##  
## PROCESS is now ready for use.
## Copyright 2022 by Andrew F. Hayes ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
## Workshop schedule at http://haskayne.ucalgary.ca/CCRAM
## 

Direct Effect

## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = punishment ~ emo_sec_1, data = df)
## 
## Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.7518 -2.7518 -0.1232  2.2482  4.8768 
## 
## Coefficients:
##             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)   5.1232     0.2635  19.440   <2e-16 ***
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734   1.684   0.0934 .  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Residual standard error: 3.096 on 273 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared:  0.01028,    Adjusted R-squared:  0.006652 
## F-statistic: 2.835 on 1 and 273 DF,  p-value: 0.09339

SES

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> SES -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##     M : SES       
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SES
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3818     0.1458     2.5506    46.5857     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      2.6087     0.1360    19.1885     0.0000     2.3411     2.8763
## emo_sec_1     1.3147     0.1926     6.8254     0.0000     0.9355     1.6939
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1133     0.0128     9.5946     1.7675     2.0000   272.0000     0.1727
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      4.8664     0.4041    12.0425     0.0000     4.0708     5.6619
## emo_sec_1     0.4992     0.4042     1.2351     0.2179    -0.2965     1.2950
## SES           0.0984     0.1174     0.8386     0.4024    -0.1327     0.3295
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.4992     0.4042     1.2351     0.2179    -0.2965     1.2950
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##         Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SES     0.1294     0.1695    -0.2127     0.4663
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##         Effect         se          Z          p
## SES     0.1294     0.1571     0.8237     0.4101
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

SEImpairment

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> SEImpairment -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                     
## Model : 4           
##     Y : punishment  
##     X : emo_sec_1   
##     M : SEImpairment
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SEImpairment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.8306     0.6899     0.9399   607.3236     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      4.4837     0.0825    54.3291     0.0000     4.3212     4.6462
## emo_sec_1    -2.8815     0.1169   -24.6439     0.0000    -3.1117    -2.6513
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.6193     1.4132     2.0000   272.0000     0.2451
## 
## Model: 
##                   coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant         5.0838     0.9074     5.6027     0.0000     3.2974     6.8702
## emo_sec_1        0.6539     0.6717     0.9735     0.3312    -0.6685     1.9763
## SEImpairment     0.0088     0.1936     0.0453     0.9639    -0.3724     0.3900
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6539     0.6717     0.9735     0.3312    -0.6685     1.9763
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##                  Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SEImpairment    -0.0253     0.6010    -1.1768     1.1897
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##                  Effect         se          Z          p
## SEImpairment    -0.0253     0.5584    -0.0453     0.9639
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

surprise

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> surprise -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##     M : surprise  
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: surprise
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6077     0.3692     2.8905   159.8180     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      2.1304     0.1447    14.7204     0.0000     1.8455     2.4154
## emo_sec_1     2.5922     0.2050    12.6419     0.0000     2.1885     2.9959
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1406     0.0198     9.5272     2.7415     2.0000   272.0000     0.0663
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.5029     0.3519    15.6376     0.0000     4.8101     6.1957
## emo_sec_1     1.0907     0.4687     2.3268     0.0207     0.1679     2.0135
## surprise     -0.1782     0.1099    -1.6221     0.1059    -0.3946     0.0381
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       1.0907     0.4687     2.3268     0.0207     0.1679     2.0135
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##              Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## surprise    -0.4620     0.2917    -1.0231     0.1216
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##              Effect         se          Z          p
## surprise    -0.4620     0.2880    -1.6040     0.1087
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

sympathy

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> sympathy -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##     M : sympathy  
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: sympathy
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4235     0.1793     2.4295    59.6494     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      3.0942     0.1327    23.3201     0.0000     2.8330     3.3554
## emo_sec_1    -1.4519     0.1880    -7.7233     0.0000    -1.8220    -1.0818
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3480     0.1211     8.5425    18.7344     2.0000   272.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      7.1794     0.4304    16.6822     0.0000     6.3322     8.0267
## emo_sec_1    -0.3362     0.3891    -0.8640     0.3883    -1.1022     0.4298
## sympathy     -0.6645     0.1135    -5.8556     0.0000    -0.8880    -0.4411
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.3362     0.3891    -0.8640     0.3883    -1.1022     0.4298
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##              Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## sympathy     0.9648     0.2140     0.5717     1.4162
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##              Effect         se          Z          p
## sympathy     0.9648     0.2079     4.6415     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

Moral self-expression

SE1, SE2

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> SE -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##     M : SE        
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SE
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1649     0.0272     1.7156     7.6332     1.0000   273.0000     0.0061
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      3.7935     0.1115    34.0223     0.0000     3.5740     4.0130
## emo_sec_1     0.4364     0.1580     2.7628     0.0061     0.1255     0.7474
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3316     0.1100     8.6505    16.8026     2.0000   272.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      2.2777     0.5731     3.9742     0.0001     1.1494     3.4060
## emo_sec_1     0.3013     0.3596     0.8376     0.4030    -0.4068     1.0093
## SE            0.7501     0.1359     5.5195     0.0000     0.4826     1.0177
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.3013     0.3596     0.8376     0.4030    -0.4068     1.0093
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SE     0.3274     0.1493     0.0767     0.6603
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## SE     0.3274     0.1342     2.4388     0.0147
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

Moral self-formative control

SFC1, SFC2, SFC3, and SFC4

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> SFC -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##     M : SFC       
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SFC
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.5061     0.2562     1.0668    94.0208     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      3.2246     0.0879    36.6765     0.0000     3.0515     3.3977
## emo_sec_1     1.2078     0.1246     9.6964     0.0000     0.9626     1.4531
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2556     0.0653     9.0842     9.5067     2.0000   272.0000     0.0001
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      2.8435     0.6246     4.5521     0.0000     1.6137     4.0732
## emo_sec_1    -0.2253     0.4215    -0.5345     0.5935    -1.0550     0.6045
## SFC           0.7070     0.1766     4.0028     0.0001     0.3593     1.0547
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.2253     0.4215    -0.5345     0.5935    -1.0550     0.6045
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##         Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## SFC     0.8539     0.2214     0.4345     1.3182
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##         Effect         se          Z          p
## SFC     0.8539     0.2318     3.6833     0.0002
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

upbringing

SE3

Process Report

Mediation analysis: emo_sec -> upbringing -> punishment

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##     M : upbringing
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: upbringing
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.7098     0.5039     1.7942   277.2681     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      4.4710     0.1140    39.2113     0.0000     4.2465     4.6955
## emo_sec_1    -2.6900     0.1615   -16.6514     0.0000    -3.0080    -2.3720
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1272     0.0162     9.5620     2.2371     2.0000   272.0000     0.1087
## 
## Model: 
##                 coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant       5.9215     0.6779     8.7352     0.0000     4.5869     7.2560
## emo_sec_1      0.1484     0.5295     0.2802     0.7795    -0.8940     1.1908
## upbringing    -0.1785     0.1397    -1.2779     0.2024    -0.4536     0.0965
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.1484     0.5295     0.2802     0.7795    -0.8940     1.1908
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##                Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## upbringing     0.4803     0.4048    -0.3053     1.2798
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##                Effect         se          Z          p
## upbringing     0.4803     0.3776     1.2718     0.2034
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

Plot

parallel

  • sympathy
  • SE
  • SFC
## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                   
## Model : 4         
##     Y : punishment
##     X : emo_sec_1 
##    M1 : sympathy  
##    M2 : SE        
##    M3 : SFC       
## 
## Sample size: 275
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: sympathy
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4235     0.1793     2.4295    59.6494     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      3.0942     0.1327    23.3201     0.0000     2.8330     3.3554
## emo_sec_1    -1.4519     0.1880    -7.7233     0.0000    -1.8220    -1.0818
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SE
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1649     0.0272     1.7156     7.6332     1.0000   273.0000     0.0061
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      3.7935     0.1115    34.0223     0.0000     3.5740     4.0130
## emo_sec_1     0.4364     0.1580     2.7628     0.0061     0.1255     0.7474
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SFC
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.5061     0.2562     1.0668    94.0208     1.0000   273.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      3.2246     0.0879    36.6765     0.0000     3.0515     3.3977
## emo_sec_1     1.2078     0.1246     9.6964     0.0000     0.9626     1.4531
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3956     0.1565     8.2592    12.5208     4.0000   270.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      4.3933     1.0238     4.2913     0.0000     2.3777     6.4088
## emo_sec_1    -0.3744     0.4155    -0.9010     0.3684    -1.1925     0.4437
## sympathy     -0.4535     0.1313    -3.4536     0.0006    -0.7121    -0.1950
## SE            0.4617     0.1583     2.9160     0.0038     0.1500     0.7733
## SFC           0.1185     0.2009     0.5896     0.5559    -0.2771     0.5140
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1014     0.0103     9.5841     2.8347     1.0000   273.0000     0.0934
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.1232     0.2635    19.4403     0.0000     4.6044     5.6420
## emo_sec_1     0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Total effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##       0.6286     0.3734     1.6837     0.0934    -0.1064     1.3637
## 
## Direct effect of X on Y:
##       effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
##      -0.3744     0.4155    -0.9010     0.3684    -1.1925     0.4437
## 
## Indirect effect(s) of X on Y:
##              Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## TOTAL        1.0030     0.2554     0.5150     1.5279
## sympathy     0.6585     0.2252     0.2436     1.1259
## SE           0.2015     0.1209     0.0275     0.4969
## SFC          0.1431     0.2233    -0.3093     0.5671
## 
## Normal theory test for indirect effect(s):
##              Effect         se          Z          p
## sympathy     0.6585     0.2103     3.1309     0.0017
## SE           0.2015     0.1035     1.9462     0.0516
## SFC          0.1431     0.2444     0.5854     0.5583
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000