## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##  
## PROCESS is now ready for use.
## Copyright 2022 by Andrew F. Hayes ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
## Workshop schedule at http://haskayne.ucalgary.ca/CCRAM
## 

punishment

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> punishment -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : punishment 
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: punishment
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3714     0.1379     1.6745    25.0428     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.2857     0.1263    26.0185     0.0000     3.0372     3.5342
## X1           0.9048     0.1786     5.0661     0.0000     0.5534     1.2562
## X2           1.2143     0.1782     6.8153     0.0000     0.8637     1.5648
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6401     0.4098     0.9214    72.2021     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                 coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant       2.9249     0.1666    17.5571     0.0000     2.5971     3.2527
## X1             0.4609     0.1378     3.3447     0.0009     0.1898     0.7320
## X2             0.4333     0.1416     3.0592     0.0024     0.1546     0.7120
## punishment     0.5011     0.0419    11.9517     0.0000     0.4186     0.5836
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.4609     0.1378     3.3447     0.0009     0.1898     0.7320
## X2     0.4333     0.1416     3.0592     0.0024     0.1546     0.7120
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0252     6.6657     2.0000   312.0000     0.0015
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    punishment    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.4534     0.1128     0.2495     0.6884
## X2     0.6085     0.1250     0.3749     0.8620
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.4534     0.0975     4.6506     0.0000
## X2     0.6085     0.1031     5.9048     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

surprise

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> surprise -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : surprise   
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: surprise
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4263     0.1818     2.9768    34.7673     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     2.3524     0.1684    13.9709     0.0000     2.0211     2.6837
## X1           1.8952     0.2381     7.9591     0.0000     1.4267     2.3638
## X2           1.4589     0.2376     6.1414     0.0000     0.9915     1.9264
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4383     0.1921     1.2611    24.7346     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.1814     0.1396    29.9432     0.0000     3.9066     4.4561
## X1           0.6000     0.1699     3.5307     0.0005     0.2656     0.9344
## X2           0.7999     0.1637     4.8870     0.0000     0.4778     1.1219
## surprise     0.1658     0.0368     4.5069     0.0000     0.0934     0.2382
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.6000     0.1699     3.5307     0.0005     0.2656     0.9344
## X2     0.7999     0.1637     4.8870     0.0000     0.4778     1.1219
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0641    12.3700     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    surprise    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.3142     0.0926     0.1486     0.5129
## X2     0.2419     0.0775     0.1088     0.4118
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.3142     0.0806     3.8986     0.0001
## X2     0.2419     0.0671     3.6026     0.0003
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

sympathy

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> sympathy -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : sympathy   
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: sympathy
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6456     0.4169     2.2599   111.8762     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.1905     0.1467    28.5639     0.0000     3.9018     4.4791
## X1          -2.0381     0.2075    -9.8234     0.0000    -2.4463    -1.6299
## X2          -3.0395     0.2070   -14.6849     0.0000    -3.4468    -2.6323
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.5304     0.2813     1.1219    40.7110     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.8808     0.1963    29.9571     0.0000     5.4945     6.2670
## X1           0.2775     0.1672     1.6595     0.0980    -0.0515     0.6065
## X2           0.0921     0.1895     0.4857     0.6275    -0.2809     0.4650
## sympathy    -0.3125     0.0398    -7.8456     0.0000    -0.3908    -0.2341
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.2775     0.1672     1.6595     0.0980    -0.0515     0.6065
## X2     0.0921     0.1895     0.4857     0.6275    -0.2809     0.4650
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0077     1.6747     2.0000   312.0000     0.1890
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    sympathy    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.6368     0.1087     0.4402     0.8676
## X2     0.9497     0.1354     0.6991     1.2283
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.6368     0.1042     6.1111     0.0000
## X2     0.9497     0.1375     6.9075     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

character

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> character -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : character  
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: character
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3237     0.1048     1.2312    18.3180     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.0095     0.1083    27.7927     0.0000     2.7965     3.2226
## X1          -0.4762     0.1531    -3.1096     0.0020    -0.7775    -0.1749
## X2          -0.9246     0.1528    -6.0521     0.0000    -1.2252    -0.6240
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4201     0.1765     1.2855    22.2906     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      5.2219     0.2061    25.3427     0.0000     4.8165     5.6273
## X1            0.8114     0.1589     5.1068     0.0000     0.4988     1.1240
## X2            0.8419     0.1650     5.1029     0.0000     0.5173     1.1666
## character    -0.2161     0.0578    -3.7422     0.0002    -0.3298    -0.1025
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.8114     0.1589     5.1068     0.0000     0.4988     1.1240
## X2     0.8419     0.1650     5.1029     0.0000     0.5173     1.1666
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0903    17.1097     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    character    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.1029     0.0459     0.0276     0.2076
## X2     0.1998     0.0715     0.0716     0.3556
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.1029     0.0439     2.3427     0.0191
## X2     0.1998     0.0634     3.1519     0.0016
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

wrongness

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> wrongness -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : wrongness  
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: wrongness
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2315     0.0536     1.5435     8.8612     2.0000   313.0000     0.0002
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.6762     0.1212    38.5688     0.0000     4.4376     4.9147
## X1           0.3714     0.1715     2.1662     0.0310     0.0341     0.7088
## X2           0.7200     0.1711     4.2093     0.0000     0.3835     1.0566
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6286     0.3952     0.9442    67.9446     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant      2.1976     0.2274     9.6624     0.0000     1.7501     2.6451
## X1            0.7257     0.1351     5.3715     0.0000     0.4599     0.9916
## X2            0.6763     0.1375     4.9174     0.0000     0.4057     0.9469
## wrongness     0.5076     0.0442    11.4828     0.0000     0.4207     0.5946
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.7257     0.1351     5.3715     0.0000     0.4599     0.9916
## X2     0.6763     0.1375     4.9174     0.0000     0.4057     0.9469
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0683    17.6081     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    wrongness    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.1886     0.1033     0.0041     0.4058
## X2     0.3655     0.1098     0.1728     0.5971
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.1886     0.0889     2.1209     0.0339
## X2     0.3655     0.0928     3.9390     0.0001
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

justification

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> justification -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                      
## Model : 4            
##     Y : blame        
##     X : ses_origin_  
##     M : justification
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: justification
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2967     0.0880     2.1492    15.1025     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     1.4762     0.1431    10.3182     0.0000     1.1947     1.7577
## X1          -0.5143     0.2023    -2.5418     0.0115    -0.9124    -0.1162
## X2          -1.1083     0.2018    -5.4905     0.0000    -1.5054    -0.7111
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6530     0.4264     0.8955    77.2965     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##                    coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant          5.2441     0.1069    49.0526     0.0000     5.0338     5.4545
## X1                0.6799     0.1319     5.1532     0.0000     0.4203     0.9395
## X2                0.5367     0.1364     3.9344     0.0001     0.2683     0.8052
## justification    -0.4557     0.0365   -12.4898     0.0000    -0.5275    -0.3839
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.6799     0.1319     5.1532     0.0000     0.4203     0.9395
## X2     0.5367     0.1364     3.9344     0.0001     0.2683     0.8052
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0529    14.3863     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    justification    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.2344     0.1193     0.0288     0.4984
## X2     0.5050     0.1123     0.3006     0.7419
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.2344     0.0944     2.4832     0.0130
## X2     0.5050     0.1007     5.0129     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

reasons

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> reasons -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : reasons    
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: reasons
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3564     0.1270     2.4053    22.7730     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     1.9429     0.1514    12.8366     0.0000     1.6451     2.2407
## X1          -1.0381     0.2140    -4.8499     0.0000    -1.4592    -0.6169
## X2          -1.3863     0.2135    -6.4918     0.0000    -1.8064    -0.9661
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.6190     0.3832     0.9629    64.6064     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.3428     0.1183    45.1577     0.0000     5.1100     5.5756
## X1           0.5022     0.1404     3.5760     0.0004     0.2259     0.7785
## X2           0.4914     0.1439     3.4147     0.0007     0.2083     0.7746
## reasons     -0.3970     0.0358   -11.1012     0.0000    -0.4674    -0.3266
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.5022     0.1404     3.5760     0.0004     0.2259     0.7785
## X2     0.4914     0.1439     3.4147     0.0007     0.2083     0.7746
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0313     7.9227     2.0000   312.0000     0.0004
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    reasons    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.4121     0.1118     0.2147     0.6466
## X2     0.5504     0.1126     0.3482     0.7861
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.4121     0.0930     4.4292     0.0000
## X2     0.5504     0.0985     5.5870     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

guilt

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> guilt -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : guilt      
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: guilt
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2633     0.0693     1.9793    11.6589     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.4667     0.1373    25.2492     0.0000     3.1965     3.7368
## X1          -0.5619     0.1942    -2.8939     0.0041    -0.9439    -0.1799
## X2          -0.9289     0.1937    -4.7955     0.0000    -1.3101    -0.5478
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4214     0.1776     1.2839    22.4518     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     5.1707     0.1927    26.8332     0.0000     4.7915     5.5498
## X1           0.8172     0.1585     5.1569     0.0000     0.5054     1.1289
## X2           0.8812     0.1616     5.4516     0.0000     0.5632     1.1992
## guilt       -0.1729     0.0455    -3.7973     0.0002    -0.2624    -0.0833
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.8172     0.1585     5.1569     0.0000     0.5054     1.1289
## X2     0.8812     0.1616     5.4516     0.0000     0.5632     1.1992
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0978    18.5596     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    guilt    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.0971     0.0436     0.0266     0.1963
## X2     0.1606     0.0577     0.0620     0.2884
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.0971     0.0431     2.2528     0.0243
## X2     0.1606     0.0547     2.9380     0.0033
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

emo_sup

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> emo_sup -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : emo_sup    
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: emo_sup
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3661     0.1340     1.7914    24.2241     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     2.6381     0.1306    20.1972     0.0000     2.3811     2.8951
## X1           1.2857     0.1847     6.9603     0.0000     0.9223     1.6492
## X2           0.6355     0.1843     3.4484     0.0006     0.2729     0.9981
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3747     0.1404     1.3419    16.9844     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.6429     0.1716    27.0612     0.0000     4.3053     4.9804
## X1           0.9491     0.1718     5.5244     0.0000     0.6111     1.2871
## X2           1.0590     0.1625     6.5169     0.0000     0.7393     1.3787
## emo_sup     -0.0271     0.0489    -0.5535     0.5803    -0.1233     0.0692
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9491     0.1718     5.5244     0.0000     0.6111     1.2871
## X2     1.0590     0.1625     6.5169     0.0000     0.7393     1.3787
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1336    24.2469     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    emo_sup    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1    -0.0348     0.0640    -0.1719     0.0830
## X2    -0.0172     0.0335    -0.0945     0.0402
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1    -0.0348     0.0637    -0.5462     0.5849
## X2    -0.0172     0.0328    -0.5254     0.5993
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

abuse

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> abuse -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : abuse      
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: abuse
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3512     0.1234     2.1275    22.0249     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.4857     0.1423    24.4878     0.0000     3.2056     3.7658
## X1          -1.3333     0.2013    -6.6234     0.0000    -1.7294    -0.9372
## X2          -0.7404     0.2008    -3.6868     0.0003    -1.1356    -0.3453
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3946     0.1557     1.3180    19.1766     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.9502     0.1913    25.8747     0.0000     4.5738     5.3266
## X1           0.7694     0.1692     4.5477     0.0000     0.4365     1.1023
## X2           0.9613     0.1615     5.9537     0.0000     0.6436     1.2790
## abuse       -0.1087     0.0445    -2.4424     0.0151    -0.1962    -0.0211
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.7694     0.1692     4.5477     0.0000     0.4365     1.1023
## X2     0.9613     0.1615     5.9537     0.0000     0.6436     1.2790
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1032    19.0611     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    abuse    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.1449     0.0665     0.0220     0.2839
## X2     0.0805     0.0397     0.0113     0.1661
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.1449     0.0639     2.2689     0.0233
## X2     0.0805     0.0405     1.9860     0.0470
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

SFC

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> SFC -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : SFC        
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SFC
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1856     0.0345     1.8593     5.5849     2.0000   313.0000     0.0041
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.6095     0.1331    27.1247     0.0000     3.3477     3.8714
## X1           0.5143     0.1882     2.7328     0.0066     0.1440     0.8846
## X2           0.5697     0.1877     3.0345     0.0026     0.2003     0.9391
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.5225     0.2730     1.1350    39.0447     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.3653     0.1903    17.6836     0.0000     2.9909     3.7398
## X1           0.7424     0.1488     4.9904     0.0000     0.4497     1.0352
## X2           0.8514     0.1488     5.7208     0.0000     0.5586     1.1442
## SFC          0.3341     0.0442     7.5665     0.0000     0.2473     0.4210
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.7424     0.1488     4.9904     0.0000     0.4497     1.0352
## X2     0.8514     0.1488     5.7208     0.0000     0.5586     1.1442
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0896    19.2195     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    SFC    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.1718     0.0682     0.0504     0.3149
## X2     0.1904     0.0756     0.0564     0.3509
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.1718     0.0674     2.5506     0.0108
## X2     0.1904     0.0681     2.7955     0.0052
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

SE

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> SE -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : SE         
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: SE
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.2811     0.0790     1.6829    13.4253     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     2.9143     0.1266    23.0195     0.0000     2.6652     3.1634
## X1           0.4476     0.1790     2.5001     0.0129     0.0953     0.7999
## X2           0.9253     0.1786     5.1806     0.0000     0.5739     1.2768
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.4984     0.2484     1.1733    34.3699     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     3.6469     0.1735    21.0231     0.0000     3.3056     3.9882
## X1           0.7723     0.1510     5.1151     0.0000     0.4752     1.0693
## X2           0.7482     0.1554     4.8147     0.0000     0.4424     1.0540
## SE           0.3172     0.0472     6.7220     0.0000     0.2244     0.4101
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.7723     0.1510     5.1151     0.0000     0.4752     1.0693
## X2     0.7482     0.1554     4.8147     0.0000     0.4424     1.0540
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.0786    16.3112     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    SE    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.1420     0.0641     0.0262     0.2790
## X2     0.2936     0.0784     0.1577     0.4632
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.1420     0.0612     2.3208     0.0203
## X2     0.2936     0.0720     4.0751     0.0000
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000

circum

Mediation analysis: ses_origin_ -> circum -> blame

## 
## ********************* PROCESS for R Version 4.1.1 ********************* 
##  
##            Written by Andrew F. Hayes, Ph.D.  www.afhayes.com              
##    Documentation available in Hayes (2022). www.guilford.com/p/hayes3   
##  
## *********************************************************************** 
##                    
## Model : 4          
##     Y : blame      
##     X : ses_origin_
##     M : circum     
## 
## Sample size: 316
## 
## Custom seed: 1234
## 
## Coding of categorical X variable for analysis: 
##   ses_origin_         X1         X2
##        0.0000     0.0000     0.0000
##        1.0000     1.0000     0.0000
##        2.0000     0.0000     1.0000
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: circum
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3373     0.1138     1.9615    20.0875     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.2000     0.1367    30.7293     0.0000     3.9311     4.4689
## X1          -1.2000     0.1933    -6.2083     0.0000    -1.5803    -0.8197
## X2          -0.8132     0.1928    -4.2171     0.0000    -1.1926    -0.4338
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3779     0.1428     1.3382    17.3230     3.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.7845     0.2263    21.1461     0.0000     4.3393     5.2297
## X1           0.8534     0.1692     5.0440     0.0000     0.5205     1.1863
## X2           1.0005     0.1637     6.1106     0.0000     0.6784     1.3227
## circum      -0.0507     0.0467    -1.0865     0.2781    -0.1426     0.0411
## 
## ************************ TOTAL EFFECT MODEL *************************** 
## Outcome Variable: blame
## 
## Model Summary: 
##            R       R-sq        MSE          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.3736     0.1395     1.3389    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## 
## Model: 
##               coeff         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## constant     4.5714     0.1129    40.4826     0.0000     4.3492     4.7936
## X1           0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2           1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## *********************************************************************** 
## Bootstrapping in progress. Please wait.
## 
## ************ TOTAL, DIRECT, AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF X ON Y ************
## 
## Relative total effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.9143     0.1597     5.7251     0.0000     0.6001     1.2285
## X2     1.0418     0.1593     6.5389     0.0000     0.7283     1.3553
## 
## Omnibus test of total effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1395    25.3797     2.0000   313.0000     0.0000
## ----------
## 
## Relative direct effects of X on Y:
##        effect         se          t          p       LLCI       ULCI
## X1     0.8534     0.1692     5.0440     0.0000     0.5205     1.1863
## X2     1.0005     0.1637     6.1106     0.0000     0.6784     1.3227
## 
## Omnibus test of direct effect of X on Y:
##      R2-chng          F        df1        df2          p
##       0.1146    20.8548     2.0000   312.0000     0.0000
## 
## ----------
## 
## Relative indirect effects of X on Y:
## 
## ses_origin_    ->    circum    ->    blame
## 
##        Effect     BootSE   BootLLCI   BootULCI
## X1     0.0609     0.0498    -0.0340     0.1626
## X2     0.0412     0.0341    -0.0234     0.1131
## 
##    Normal theory test for relative indirect effects:
##        Effect         se          Z          p
## X1     0.0609     0.0576     1.0570     0.2905
## X2     0.0412     0.0402     1.0254     0.3052
## 
## ******************** ANALYSIS NOTES AND ERRORS ************************ 
## 
## Level of confidence for all confidence intervals in output: 95
## 
## Number of bootstraps for percentile bootstrap confidence intervals: 10000